Everyday money and work sources and dates

Where the starting numbers for the calculators in this group come from, and the date we checked each one. They are examples, not quotes.

Sources by Calculator

Back to all sources and dates. Each table lists a calculator's starting numbers, source links and check dates.

Duplex utility split and submetering

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
NY State electric submetering regulations16 NYCRR Part 96New York Department of Public Service (DPS) & 16 NYCRR Part 962026-10-12
Submeter equipment & install cost$500 - $1,200 per unitLeviton Submetering Solutions & E-Mon D-Mon Submeters2026-10-12
Monthly meter reading & billing service$0 to $7 / monthNational Submetering and Utility Allocation Association (NSUAA)2026-10-12
Tenant conservation after submetering15% (0% to 25% range)National Multi Housing Council (NMHC) / AWWA Research Foundation National Submetering Study2026-10-12
Splitting methods (RUBS)Sq ft, occupants, bedrooms, equalHUD Utility Billing in Multifamily Housing2026-10-12
Rent-regulated apartments (DHCR)Fact Sheet #1: SubmeteringNew York State Homes and Community Renewal (DHCR)2026-10-12

Subscription annual vs monthly

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Monthly subscription price$15.00 / moBureau of Labor Statistics CPI for Information Services2026-10-12
Annual subscription price$120.00 / yrExample price set by this site, not a specific product; prices for these services are tracked in the Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI2026-10-16
Expected usage horizon12 monthsOne billing year; cancellation rules: Eighth Circuit vacates FTC click-to-cancel rule (Latham & Watkins, 2025)2026-10-16
One-time setup or onboarding fee$0.00CFPB Subscription and Junk Fee Report2026-10-12
Early cancellation refund$0.00California Automatic Renewal Law (Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code 17602)2026-10-12
Savings return rate4.0% APYFDIC National Rates and Rate Caps2026-10-16

Membership fee payback

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Warehouse club annual fee$65/yearCostco: What is an Executive Membership? and Costco membership2026-10-16
Sam's Club annual fee$60/year ($120 Plus)Sam's Club: Join2026-10-16
Amazon Prime annual fee$139/yearAmazon Prime2026-10-16
Merchandise savings rate5.0%Consumer Reports Warehouse Club Price Survey and USDA Economic Research Service2026-10-08
Fuel station discount$50/yr (500 gal at $0.10/gal off)AAA Gas Prices Survey2026-10-08
Annual grocery and supply spending$3,000/yrBureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Survey2026-10-08
Premium tier rewards rate2.0%Costco Executive Rewards Terms and Sam's Club Plus2026-10-08

Automation software ROI

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Loaded employee hourly cost$30.00/hourBureau of Labor Statistics Employer Costs for Employee Compensation2026-10-12
Workflow automation software cost$25.00/monthZapier Pricing and Make.com Pricing2026-10-12
Time value capture rate100% (with 50% sensitivity)Harvard Business Review and McKinsey Global Institute Automation Research2026-10-16

Job offer vs commute

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Vehicle mileage expense rate$0.76 / mileIRS 2026 rate (from July 1): Internal Revenue Service Announcement 2026-11 (IR-2026-29) and https://www.irs.gov/irb/2026-29_irb2026-10-16
Valuation of personal commute time$25.00 / hourUS Department of Transportation (USDOT) Revised Departmental Guidance on Valuation of Travel Time in Economic Analysis2026-10-08
Marginal tax rate30.00%Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Tax Brackets and Tax Foundation Marginal Income Tax Rates2026-10-08
Annual working weeks50 weeks / yearBureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) National Compensation Survey2026-10-08
Automobile operating expenses22 to 26 cents / mileAAA Your Driving Costs Study2026-10-08

Equipment rent vs buy

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Tool and equipment rental rates$75.00 / dayThe Home Depot Tool Rental2026-10-08
Commercial heavy equipment rental rates$250 to $450 / daySunbelt Rentals and United Rentals2026-10-08
Equipment resale retention and depreciation40.0% at 3 yearsEquipment Trader and MachineryTrader2026-10-08
Sales tax rate7.53%Tax Foundation State and Local Sales Tax Rates 20262026-10-08
Annual maintenance and consumable costs5.0% of equipment price / yearAmerican Rental Association (ARA) Cost of Ownership Guidelines2026-10-08

Childcare vs second income

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Second earner gross salary$62,000/yrU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Usual Weekly Earnings of Wage and Salary Workers2026-10-13
Combined marginal tax rate27% (22% federal + 5% state)Internal Revenue Service, tax year 2026 inflation adjustments (Rev. Proc. 2025-32) and Tax Foundation State Individual Income Tax Rates and Brackets, 20262026-10-16
FICA payroll tax rate7.65%Internal Revenue Service Topic 751, Social Security and Medicare withholding rates2026-10-16
Monthly childcare cost$1,850/moChild Care Aware of America Child Care Affordability Report2026-10-13
Annual childcare tax benefit$2,600/yrInternal Revenue Service Child and Dependent Care Credit information2026-10-16
Employer 401(k) match and wage growth4.0% match, 3.5%/yr raiseU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics National Compensation Survey2026-10-13

W-2 salary vs 1099 contract rate

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Self-employment tax rate & wage base15.3% up to $184,500Internal Revenue Service Self-Employment Tax (Social Security and Medicare Taxes)2026-10-16
Social Security taxable wage cap$184,500Internal Revenue Service Topic 751, Social Security and Medicare Withholding Rates2026-10-16
Additional Medicare Tax0.9% above $200,000Internal Revenue Service Topic 751, Social Security and Medicare Withholding Rates2026-10-16
Qualified Business Income (QBI) deduction20% of qualified net incomeInternal Revenue Service Qualified Business Income Deduction (Section 199A) and Congressional Research Service on P.L. 119-212026-10-16
Employer health insurance & retirement benefits$7,200/yr health, 4% 401(k) matchU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Employer Costs for Employee Compensation2026-10-13
Billable weeks per year47 weeks/yrU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics National Compensation Survey Paid Leave2026-10-13

Meal kits vs groceries and takeout

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Raw grocery cost per dinner serving before waste$4.75/servingUSDA Food and Nutrition Service Official Food Plans: Cost of Food at Home2026-04-01
Household grocery spoilage and unused ingredient waste18%USDA Economic Research Service Food Loss and Waste2026-03-15
Takeout or delivery dinner cost per serving (all-in)$21.00/servingU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Survey Food Away From Home2026-03-15
Meal kit per-serving price and weekly shipping$10.99/serving + $10.99 shippingUSDA ERS Meal Kit and Online Grocery Pricing Briefs2026-04-01

Reselling old stuff vs donating

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Online resale marketplace selling fee rate15% blended commissioneBay and Poshmark Published Selling Fees2026-04-01
Shipping supplies and seller shipping discount per sold item$2.50/sold itemUSPS Ground Advantage Retail and Commercial Pricing2026-04-01
Vehicle mileage cost for post office drop-offs and local meetups$0.76/mileIRS 2026 rate (from July 1), Announcement 2026-11 in Internal Revenue Bulletin 2026-292026-10-16
Personal item resale tax treatment and donation rulesPersonal loss sales non-taxable; 25% consignment payoutIRS Publication 526 Charitable Contributions2026-04-01
Standard deduction (donation tax savings answer)$16,100 single, $32,200 married filing jointly (2026)IRS 2026 inflation adjustments, Rev. Proc. 2025-322026-10-16

Bulk buying vs regular size savings

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Household food spoilage and stale waste rates by package size4% regular pack waste, 18% bulk perishable pack wasteUSDA Economic Research Service Food Loss and Waste2026-04-01
Supermarket regular vs. club-pack unit price spread$5.49 for 16 oz ($0.34/oz) vs $14.99 for 64 oz ($0.23/oz, ~32% unit discount)U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Average Retail Food and Energy Prices2026-04-01
Pantry stockpiling faster-consumption effect10% faster consumption when large multi-packs or bulk containers are openU.S. Department of Agriculture Household Food Consumption Research2026-04-01
Secondary freezer and bulk pantry storage overhead$15/year allocated storage/freezer electricity across bulk basketU.S. Department of Energy Energy Saver Appliances and Freezers2026-04-01

HDHP + HSA vs PPO health plan cost

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Plan A (HDHP) & Plan B (PPO) monthly employee premiums and deductibles$140/mo HDHP ($2,000 deductible) vs $340/mo PPO ($750 deductible)KFF Employer Health Benefits Survey2026-10-14
Employer HSA deposit and your pre-tax HSA contribution$750 from the employer, $2,500 from youInternal Revenue Service Publication 969: Health Savings Accounts and Other Tax-Favored Health Plans2026-10-14
2026 HSA contribution limit (your money and your employer's together)$4,400 self-only, $8,750 family, plus $1,000 at age 55 or olderInternal Revenue Service Publication 969 (Rev. Proc. 2025-19)2026-10-16
Combined income tax and payroll tax rate on HSA contributions29.65% (22% federal income tax plus 7.65% Social Security and Medicare)Internal Revenue Service Topic No. 751: Social Security and Medicare Withholding Rates2026-10-16
Annual in-network out-of-pocket maximums$5,000 HDHP / $4,000 PPOHealthCare.gov Out-of-Pocket Maximum/Limit Glossary2026-10-14

Dental insurance vs paying cash

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Retail dental fees for cleanings, fillings, and crowns$420 preventive (2 visits), $240 filling, $1,300 crownAmerican Dental Association Health Policy Institute Survey of Dental Fees2026-10-14
Dental insurance premium, deductible, 100/80/50 tiers, and annual benefit cap$45/mo premium, $50 deductible, 100%/80%/50% coverage, $1,500 annual capNational Association of Dental Plans Dental Benefits Report2026-10-14
Original Medicare routine dental exclusionExcluded from Part A & Part BMedicare.gov Dental Services Coverage Rules2026-10-14

Pet insurance vs emergency savings fund

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Starting monthly pet insurance premium and policy terms$56/mo dog ($32/mo cat), $250 deductible, 80% reimbursement, $15,000 annual capNorth American Pet Health Insurance Association State of the Industry Report2026-10-14
Emergency surgical and hospitalization vet bills$4,500 emergency bill, $200/yr minor sick visitsAmerican Veterinary Medical Association Pet Ownership and Demographics Sourcebook2026-10-14
Savings account yield on the pet emergency fund4.25% APY in the example, a high-yield online rate; the FDIC national average savings rate is 0.37% and its savings rate cap is 4.38%FDIC National Rates and Rate Caps2026-10-16

True cost of owning a pet

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
First-year pet setup and annual recurring food, vet, and supply costs$750 Year-1 setup, $65/mo food, $520/yr routine vet, $300/yr grooming and suppliesASPCA Pet Care Costs Benchmark2026-10-14
Routine and senior veterinary care expenditure$520/yr routine vet + $2,400 lifetime senior and emergency reserveAmerican Veterinary Medical Association Pet Ownership and Demographics Sourcebook2026-10-14
Annual boarding, pet sitting, and dog walking$400/yr boarding and sittingAmerican Pet Products Association National Pet Owners Survey2026-10-14

Backyard chickens vs store-bought eggs

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Layer hen feed consumption, peak egg production, and Year 3+ decline90 lbs/hen/yr feed, 250 eggs/hen/yr peak, 15%/yr decline after Year 2Penn State Extension Small-scale Egg Production2026-10-14
Retail conventional vs pasture-raised / organic egg price per dozen$6.50/doz pasture-raised ($3.00/doz conventional)USDA Agricultural Marketing Service Egg Markets Overview2026-10-14
Backyard coop, predator-proof run, brooder gear, and bedding costs$750 coop and run, $140 equipment, $95/yr bedding and gritUniversity of Minnesota Extension Raising Chickens for Eggs2026-10-14

Vegetable garden setup payback

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Home garden area, upfront setup, and annual seed and compost spend64 sq ft (two 4x8 beds), $600 setup, $75/yr seeds and compostNational Gardening Association Garden-to-Table Report2026-10-14
Harvest yield per sq ft1.0 lb per sq ft per year (an intensive bed tended by an experienced gardener)National Gardening Association Garden-to-Table Report2026-10-16
Retail per-pound produce prices across high-value and staple crops$5.00/lb mixed high-value crops ($1.75/lb staple root crops)USDA Economic Research Service Fruit and Vegetable Prices2026-10-14
Raised bed soil volume, compost replenishment, and water usage$140 bulk soil fill, $35/yr water and fertilizerUniversity of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Raised Bed Gardening Guide2026-10-14

Home gym vs gym membership payback

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Commercial gym monthly dues, initiation fee, and annual enhancement fee$65/mo dues, $99 initiation fee, $49/yr annual maintenance feeHealth & Fitness Association (formerly IHRSA) U.S. Health Club Consumer Report2026-04-01
Home gym power rack, barbell, bumper plates, bench, and stall mats$2,200 equipment + $200 horse-stall mats and freight delivery ($75/yr upkeep)Garage Gym Reviews Home Gym Cost Survey and Rogue/REP Equipment Benchmarks2026-04-01
Used strength equipment resale retention over 5 years55% of original equipment price retainedSidelineSwap and Facebook Marketplace Used Strength Gear Price Index2026-04-01
Round-trip gym commute distance and marginal vehicle operating cost6 miles round-trip at $0.30/mile variable fuel and wear costAAA Your Driving Costs and U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Economy Benchmarks2026-04-01

DIY lawn care vs mowing service

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Professional weekly lawn mowing and seasonal cleanup/fertilizer pricing$55/cut weekly mowing (28 cuts/yr) + $320/yr seasonal cleanup and turf treatmentAngi and HomeAdvisor National Lawn Care Cost Guide2026-04-01
DIY walk-behind mower, string trimmer, leaf blower, and spreader purchase$850 upfront equipment package (30% resale retained at year 5)Consumer Reports Lawn Mower and Outdoor Power Equipment Buying Guide2026-04-01
Annual mower fuel/electricity, blade sharpening, oil, trimmer line, and DIY fertilizer$95/yr fuel and mower maintenance + $140/yr 4-step DIY fertilizer and weed controlUniversity of Minnesota Extension Residential Turfgrass Management Benchmarks2026-04-01
Mowing season length and homeowner labor time28 mowing weeks per year at 1.25 hours per mow (35 hours/year)U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics American Time Use Survey Lawn and Garden Care2026-04-01

Home water filter vs bottled water

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Under-sink reverse osmosis (RO) system purchase and annual replacement filter/membrane cost$260 upfront DIY under-sink RO system + $85/yr replacement sediment, carbon, and RO membrane cartridgesNSF International Certified Drinking Water Treatment Units and Consumer Reports Water Filter Guide2026-04-01
Municipal tap water and RO reject water utility cost$12/yr municipal water and sewer volume for 1.5 gal/day product water (at 3:1 RO brine ratio)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency WaterSense Indoor Water Use and Municipal Rate Benchmarks2026-04-01
Retail bottled water price per gallon (cases of 16.9 fl oz bottles vs 5-gallon delivery)$1.65/gallon for multi-pack 16.9 fl oz (500 mL) casesU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Average Retail Food and Beverage Prices and IBWA Benchmarks2026-04-01
Household daily drinking and cooking water consumption1.5 gallons/day (547.5 gallons/year, equivalent to 4,147 single-use 16.9 fl oz bottles/year)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Plain Water Intake Benchmarks2026-04-01

Youth travel sports vs college fund

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Annual youth travel club registration, tournament travel, lessons, and equipment spend$2,400 club dues, $2,600 travel/hotels, $900 lessons/gear ($5,900/yr total vs $350/yr rec league)Aspen Institute Project Play State of Play Youth Sports Survey2026-04-01
NCAA athletic scholarship probability and average award size2.0% probability, $40,000 total 4-year partial scholarship valueNCAA Recruiting Facts and Probability of Competing Beyond High School2026-04-01
Four-year in-state public university cost of attendance benchmark$112,000 total 4-year tuition, fees, food, and housing ($28,000/yr)College Board Trends in College Pricing and Student Aid2026-04-01
Expected 529 / index fund annual investment return7.0% annual returnU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Investor.gov Compound Interest Benchmarks2026-04-01

Streaming bundles vs cable TV

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Cable TV Year-1 promo rate vs Year-2 post-promo rate and standalone broadband$65/mo standalone internet, $75/mo Year-1 cable TV add-on, $115/mo Year-2 post-promo add-onFederal Communications Commission Communications Marketplace Report2026-04-01
Mandatory broadcast TV surcharge, regional sports fee, and set-top box rentals$28/mo broadcast + RSN surcharge, $20/mo DVR and set-top boxes, $14/mo franchise fees and taxesConsumer Reports Cable Fee Investigation2026-04-01
On-demand SVOD app stack and live TV vMVPD replacement pricing$48/mo on-demand apps (15% rotation discount), $0-$83/mo live TV streamingDeloitte Digital Media Trends Survey2026-04-01

Snowblower vs snow removal service

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Storms a winter, by station and triggerRochester at 3 inches: 9.9 days. Eight stations, opened and checked.NOAA NCEI 1991-2020 Climate Normals2026-10-17
Real winters, and trigger depthRochester: 10 typical, 15 most, 2 fewest storms of 3 inches. Trigger 3 inches (typical, edit this).WROC 2024; Redefine; Renpro2026-10-17
Plow prices$50 a visit, $500 a season (typical, edit this)WROC 2024 and Redefine (links above); Lawnlove; Renpro and Housecall Pro2026-10-17
Contract cap, extra visitNo cap; extra visit $50 (typical, edit this). No source for a typical cap.Redefine; KP Landscaping2026-10-17
Driveway presets, minutes a storm$40/$450/15 min, $50/$500/30, $60/$600/45, $100/$1,200/75 (typical, edit this)Our round steps from the sources above2026-10-17
Blower priceTwo-stage gas $1,499, single-stage gas $549, battery $749 (list prices)Toro 826 OAE; Toro 518 ZR; Toro e21 60V2026-10-17
Depth a blower handles, price rangeSingle-stage gas 9 inches, battery 6, two-stage 12 (a note only). Category $200 to $3,000 and up.Consumer Reports buying guide, updated 2026-03-09; Toro pages2026-10-17
Upkeep, blower lifeUpkeep $100, $75, $25 a season; life 10 seasons gas, 8 battery (typical, edit this)Consumer Reports 20142026-10-17
Fuel or charging a storm$1.70 two-stage at 30 min, $0.38 at 15, $2.55 at 45, $4.24 at 75; battery $0.10 (typical, edit this)EIA gasoline and EIA electricity, copied from shared/state-defaults.json (2026-10-08)2026-10-17
Sales tax8.54% New York average (use your county's rate)Tax Foundation 2026, copied from shared/state-defaults.json2026-10-17
Service and blower cost rises3% a year each (typical, edit this)BLS CPI, September 20262026-10-17
Resale, time, seasons, backup visitsResale 0% (no source), time $0 an hour, 10 seasons, 2 backup visits (our round choices)None. Our own choices.2026-10-17
Health lineOne line and a link, no advice. Opened.American Heart Association, 2026-02-052026-10-17
Pages that could not be openedNo number here comes from them. Not verified: a primary NOAA statement on plow contractors, a Consumer Reports price by type, a battery blower's life, gallons a storm, resale value, a typical visit cap.Angi, Home Depot, Lowe's, Ace Hardware, HomeAdvisor's cost page, Toro and EGO listings, three dealer or engine sites2026-10-17

Own modem and router vs rental fee

Assumption / InputStarting valueSourceChecked
Modem or gateway fee$15 a month (typical, edit this)Optimum, pricing and packages ; Xfinity, equipment page2026-10-17
Wi-Fi router or extender fee$0 (examples $10 a month)Optimum, same page ; Spectrum, Advanced WiFi2026-10-17
Monthly add-on for owners$0 (example $30 a month, unverified)Xfinity forum, staff reply (unverified)2026-10-17
Fiber: router includedNo fee for the routerVerizon Fios ; Frontier Fiber2026-10-17
Frontier Fiber extra feesNone used (unverified: $10 Wi-Fi, $50 restocking, $300 unreturned)Search snippets, pages not opened ; Slashdot on an Ars Technica report, 20192026-10-17
Astound feesNone used (unverified, search snippets only)Astound, bring your own modem2026-10-17
FCC broadband label ruleUnverified for 2026FCC 22-86 ; Broadband Breakfast, 2026-08-272026-10-17
Yearly rise in the fee3 percent (typical, edit this)Riverhead Local, 2018 ; Consumer Reports, 20152026-10-17
Modem price$130 (typical, edit this); $55 and $200 by plan speedEngadget, 2026-10-06 ; SpeedTestHQ guide2026-10-17
Router price$100 single, $50 budget, $280 for 2 mesh units, $350 for 3 (typical, edit this)Engadget, 2026-10-06 ; Amazon press release, eero 7, 2025-02-192026-10-17
Years your gear lasts and resale value5 years (typical, edit this); resale $0 (a guide says $40 to $60; not checked)SpeedTestHQ guide2026-10-17
Return or activation fee, support you give up$0 for both (no typical amount found)Optimum, unreturned equipment list ; Optimum, certified modems2026-10-17
Power draw of the gear12 W each (typical, edit this)LBNL Standby Power Summary2026-10-12
Electricity price$0.25 per kWh (New York; U.S. $0.18)EIA Electric Power Monthly, Table 5.6.A2026-10-17
Years you keep it5 years (typical, edit this)Not a sourced input2026-10-17